The art of collecting wild mushrooms and learning their types, characteristics and most importantly: knowing which ones are or are not suitable for human consumption, has a name and surname: mycotourism.
The mushroom is a food with a powerful flavour, healthy and very present in our most autumnal menus.
When this season arrives, temperatures drop and the first autumn rains appear, our fields are flooded with mushrooms and many spend whole days searching for the tastiest ones. Mycological tourism has been a practice that has been in place for many years, however, there are more mycological routes set up and centres that offer training on mushroom picking in a sustainable way and respecting the natural heritage.
Mycology is a form of leisure where you can enjoy nature, play sports and also collect the best mushrooms in Andalusia and thus be able to taste this precious autumn delicacy.
What are the benefits of mushrooms?
Wild mushrooms are a delicacy for the palate, as well as being part of great recipes and culinary preparations that great chefs have incorporated into their most exquisite menus.
But in addition to having that peculiar taste, mushrooms have great benefits that are of great interest.
When can mushrooms be picked?
Finding this product throughout the year is not an easy task, since the weather conditions are essential for the natural growth of mushrooms. For this reason, although we can consume them practically throughout the year, the autumn season is the time par excellence in which we can find them more easily.
The mushroom needs a humid environment, so when it starts to rain, in the months of October and November, it is when the necessary conditions are met for the first wild mushrooms to appear.
- They have great nutritional value.
- They are low in calories.
- They help improve the intestinal flora.
- They help prevent cognitive decline.
- They contain antioxidant elements.
- They are rich in insoluble fibre.
- They can be used as substitutes for foods such as meat.
- They provide vitamins and minerals.
- They leave a satiating effect.
- They help build the immune system and lower cholesterol.
Where to pick mushrooms in Andalusia?
Andalusia particularly offers mycology lovers a number of places and havens where they can marvel at the surroundings and enjoy this activity. Here we tell you about some of the best places where mycology roads open up to be visited individually or in groups, while information centres also open to the public to provide specific information, finding out which mushrooms to collect.
Jimena de la Frontera (Cádiz)
Jimena de la Frontera, in the heart of Parque de Los Alcornocales, is the nearest city to Jerez where the mushrooms become the ‘queen’ of the field. The humidity typical of this time and the mild temperatures in the forests foster the conditions for mushrooms to appear at the right
time. In this area, it is very common to find chanterelles (Cantharellus pales), typical of cork and oak forests. This yellow and twisted mushroom is appreciated for its good taste.
Pinares de Aznalcázar-Puebla del Río (Seville)
It is advisable to bring water and a snack to walk the route at our own pace. The route runs through the largest area of existing Stone Pine in the province of Seville, which is dotted with a few oaks, olive trees and thick bushes of mastic, rockrose, rosemary and myrtle. The road is easy but it is not marked, so it is important to pay attention to the control points if we don’t want to get lost. It is advisable to have a mobile phone or a GPS with us. In this area, it is very unusual to find many mushrooms, including Suillus luteus, Macrolepiota, Amanitas, Lycoperdom … and the most appreciated being “Lactarius delicious” or as they say here in Aznalcázar, ‘El Robellón’.
Sierra de las Nieves Natural Park (Málaga)
The most special area in Sierra de las Nieves as far as botany is concerned, is undoubtedly the Pinsapar. This forest of fir is one of the best sites to find mushrooms, even typical species from colder climates, and whose northern aspect surprises the visitor who enters this Natural Park.
If spring is rainy, we can look for mushrooms such as Russula rubroalba, of purplish colour and very well appreciated although rare, or the Gyromitra esculenta. But now it is autumn, and we want to pick mushrooms taking our own mycological routes in Sierra de las Nieves, so we must remember to take a knife to cut the stem without damaging it and a basket to drop the spores along the way and good boots to walk. When we are ready we start exploring the countryside and forests to find boletus and other mushrooms each associated with a particular species of trees. Due to its climate, Sierra de las Nieves Natural Park also allows us to find other varieties of mushrooms such as Mazuelos. They are so rare that we advise you not to collect them, to encourage their propagation.
Sierra de Aracena (Huelva)
This is one of the most diverse places in Spain, where its oak groves begin to bear fruit in the form of mushrooms, which becomes a real show. In spring, we can find the typical Gurumelo (Amanita ponderosa) and Criadillas (Terfazias sp.). In the first months of autumn, we find Boletus aereus and the Chanterelles (Cantharellus cibarius). And when winter starts, if it has been a rainy year, we can find Horn of plenty (Craterellus cornucopioides) or Gula de Monte (Cantharellus tubaeformis).
Sierra Morena (Córdoba)
From the neighbourhood of Santa Maria de Trassierra -in the municipality of Córdoba, capital – to any of the towns in the area, also pine trees grow among the local vegetation. Under these pines we can find wild mushrooms (Lactarius deliciossus), of typical orange colour, standing out among the fallen leaves.
Sierras de Tejeda Natural Park, Almijara and Alhama (Granada/Málaga)
In this natural area (sierras de Alhama, Tejeda y Almijara) between two Andalusian provinces, the moisture it gets from its location and the fresh layer of decaying leaves facilitates the existence of curious mushrooms such as Coprinus comatus, several species of Amanita and various types of boletus, some as precious as edulis .
El Andévalo (Huelva)
The “star” of the mushrooms in the Andévalo region of Huelva is the White tuber (Tuber magnatum), a very rare species which cannot be grown and can only stay fresh for a few days. In spring we can also find the gurumelo (Amanita ponderosa), endemic to the central and western area of the Iberian Peninsula.
Serranía de Ronda (Málaga)
In the Serranía de Ronda, we can walk through forests of Spanish fir (Abies pinsapo), peculiar spruce which took refuge in the Andalusian mountains after the last glaciation. In this forest we will spot Caesar’s mushrooms (Amanita Caesarea) and in spring the morels (Morchella crassipes), easily recognizable by their crosslinked look reminiscent of a honeycomb.
Sierras de Cazorla Natural Park, Segura and Las Villas (Jaén)
Of course, if you’re a lover of nature and mycology, you cannot miss a visit to the Natural Park of the Sierra de Cazorla, Segura and Las Villas, a protected space in which we will need permission, but a paradise for fans to pick mushrooms. From the popular chanterelles to the highly valued black truffle, several species in the area that will look beautiful on a plate.
Sierra de Montoro (Córdoba)
Sierra de Montoro in Córdoba is an ideal space where mushrooms are born every autumn. It is one of the privileged places in this province where the inhabitants of the surrounding municipalities go in search of this culinary delicacy.
This Sierra, which is on the border with Jaén, is characterized by having a specific species, the faisán de jara (Leccinum corsicum), which is considered one of the most precious in the world of mushrooms.
Sierra Norte de Sevilla
Seville has natural areas where more than 50 types of mushrooms are raised. Specifically, the Sierra Norte is the ideal place due to its humid and shady conditions that favour the appearance of this culinary treasure.
The “josefitas” or what is the same: amanitas, boletus, poplars, wild mushrooms, chanterelles, chanterelles or blue foot mushrooms, are some of the varieties of mushroom species that we can find in these forests.
This place is undoubtedly one of the recognizable natural environments in Seville where you can go mushroom hunting and where activities and conferences are also organized to enjoy mycological tourism.
I am a beginner in mycology, what should I know?
Before venturing out on your own to collect mushrooms, it is vital to acquire knowledge and the concepts necessary to distinguish species. Not only to know what mushrooms are edible and which can be deadly but also to learn the best way to collect them without harming the forest. For this reason, here we list some basic tips for beginners:
- Get to know the forest: It is very important that you know the path you will follow to avoid unexpected losses.
- Try to go together with someone: going alone is dangerous, as if you get injured or you have a problem, it is more difficult to let people know.
- Do not pluck mushrooms if you aren’t going to eat them: the impact of the massive collection of mushrooms can be very harmful to forests. The mushrooms which are not edible should be left where they are because they help the ecosystem survive.
- Grab a basket or a net: the perfect complement to keep the mushrooms while we collect them are the baskets or open nets so that the mushrooms can breathe and spread its sores after they have been plucked while you walk the forest.
- A knife, your best ally: knives are used to cut the mushrooms without uprooting them. In this way, the soil they grow in is not damaged that much.
- You will need a walking stick: besides helping you climb the slopes we find in the way, the walking stick is also useful for searching for some hidden mushrooms among the grass.
- If in doubt, pluck one and take it to an expert: even the veterans may have doubts with some sort of mushrooms sometime in their life. If this happens, it is best to collect a specimen (in this case just plucking it) for an expert to identify it, because many times the base of the foot can tell us much about mushrooms.
- There are no golden rules for distinguishing between poisonous and edible mushrooms.
Mushrooms are not only a delicious dish, but also an activity (the collection, not eating) which is healthy and entertaining, something to enjoy in solitude, contemplating the scenery, or with family and friends.
Mycology: For Mushroom Collectors, Don’t Forget These 10 Tips
WHERE TO STAY
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